The church Santa Maria in Aracoeli on the Capitoline Hill has a fascinating foundation story. Emperor Augustus had a vision of a woman presenting a child on an altar, leading him to build the "altar of heaven," or "ara coeli," which names the church. Its nave columns are from ancient ruins, one noted "from the chambers of Augustus." The 124 marble steps were added after the Black Death of 1348.

The Capitoline Hill, ancient Rome's most sacred space with the Temple of Jupiter, is now a beautiful piazza designed by Michelangelo, housing the Capitoline Museums. Its approach features a gentle staircase and statues of Castor and Pollux. In the center is a reproduction of Marcus Aurelius's equestrian statue. Behind the buildings are outstanding views of the Roman Forum.

It is amazing that the Column of Trajan, a testament to Emperor Trajan's military exploits (98-117 AD), still stands. This intricately carved spiral column was once part of a large complex between two libraries, allowing scenes to be viewed while walking through surrounding buildings. It contains a central staircase, though closed to the public. The area offers reasonable places to eat.